Table of Contents
Cover
Title Page
Copyright
List of Contributors
Foreword
Introduction
Part I: Principles of Multiphoton Absorption
Chapter 1: Rapid Laser Optical Printing in 3D at a Nanoscale
1.1 Introduction
1.2 3D (Nano)polymerization: Linear Properties
1.3 3D (Nano)polymerization: Nonlinear Properties
1.4 Discussion
1.5 Conclusions and Outlook
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 2: Characterization of 2PA Chromophores
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Description of Nonlinear Absorption and Refraction Processes
2.3 Methods for Measurements of NLA and NLR
2.4 Examples of Use of Multiple Techniques
2.5 Other Methods
2.6 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 3: Modeling of Polymerization Processes
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Basic Laser Polymerization Chemistry and Kinetic Equations
3.3 Phenomenological Polymerization Threshold and Spatial Resolution
3.4 Effect of Fluctuations on the Minimum Feature Size
3.5 Diffusion of Molecules
3.6 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Part II: Equipment and Techniques
Chapter 4: Light Sources and Systems for Multiphoton Lithography
4.1 Laser Light Sources
4.2 Ultrashort-Pulse Lasers
4.3 Laboratory Systems and Processing Strategy
4.4 Further Processing Considerations
References
Chapter 5: STED-Inspired Approaches to Resolution Enhancement
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Stimulated Emission Depletion Fluorescence Microscopy
5.3 Stimulated Emission Depletion in Multiphoton Lithography
5.4 Photoinhibition
5.5 Inhibition Based on Photoinduced Electron Transfer
5.6 Absorbance Modulation Lithography
5.7 Challenges for Two-Color, Two-Photon Lithography
5.8 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Part III: Materials
Chapter 6: Photoinitiators for Multiphoton Absorption Lithography
6.1 Introduction for Photoinitiators for Multiphoton Absorption Lithography
6.2 Centrosymmetric Photoinitiators
6.3 Noncentrosymmetric Photoinitiators
6.4 Application of Photoinitiators in Multiphoton Absorption Lithography
6.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 7: Hybrid Materials for Multiphoton Polymerization
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Sol–Gel Preparation
7.3 Silicate Hybrid Materials
7.4 Composite Hybrid Materials
7.5 Surface and Bulk Functionalization
7.6 Replication
7.7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 8: Photopolymers for Multiphoton Lithography in Biomaterials and Hydrogels
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Multiphoton Lithography (MPL) for Photopolymerization
8.3 MPL Equipment for Biomaterial Fabrication
8.4 Chemistry for MPL Photopolymerizations
8.5 Biomaterial Fabrication
8.6 Biomaterial Modulation
8.7 Biological Design Constraints
8.8 Biologic Questions
8.9 Outlook
References
Chapter 9: Multiphoton Processing of Composite Materials and Functionalization of 3D Structures
9.1 Overview
9.2 Polymer–Organic Composites
9.3 Multiphoton Processing of Oxide-Based Materials
9.4 Multiphoton Processing of Metallic Composites and Materials
9.5 Multiphoton Processing of Semiconductor Composites and Materials
9.6 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Part IV: Applications
Chapter 10: Fabrication of Waveguides and Other Optical Elements by Multiphoton Lithography
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Acrylate Monomers for Multiphoton Lithography
10.3 Thiol–Ene Resins
10.4 Sol–Gel-Derived Resins
10.5 Cationic Polymerization and Stereolithography
10.6 Materials Based on Multiphoton Photochromism
10.7 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 11: Fabricating Nano and Microstructures Made by Narrow Bandgap Semiconductors and Metals using Multiphoton Lithography
11.1 Introduction
1)
11.2 Fabrication of 3D Structures Made by PbSe with Multiphoton Lithography
11.3 Fabrication of Silver Structures with Multiphoton Lithography
11.4 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 12: Microfluidic Devices Produced by Two-Photon-Induced Polymerization
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Fabrication of Movable Micromachines
12.3 Optically Driven Micromachines
12.4 Microfluidic Devices Driven by a Scanning Laser Beam
12.5 Microfluidic Devices Driven by a Focused Laser Beam
12.6 Microfluidic Devices Driven by an Optical Vortex
12.7 Future Prospects
References
Chapter 13: Nanoreplication Printing and Nanosurface Processing
13.1 Introduction: Limitations of Multiphoton Lithography
13.2 Micro-transfer Molding (μTM)
13.3 μTM of Complex Geometries
13.4 Nano-replication of Other Materials
13.5 Nanosurface Metallization Processing
13.6 Nanosurface Structuring via Ablation
13.7 Conclusion and Future Directions
References
Part V: Biological Applications
Chapter 14: Three-Dimensional Microstructures for Biological Applications
14.1 Introduction
14.2 3D Structures for Cells Studies
14.3 Biocompatible Materials
14.4 Scaffolds for Bacterial Investigation
14.5 Microstructures for Drug Delivery
14.6 Final Remarks
References
Index
End User License Agreement
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Guide
Cover
Table of Contents
Foreword
Begin Reading